MIT scientists store light in cold atomic gases

According to the US Daily Science website, scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have made new breakthroughs in the field of quantum storage and volatility research in cold atoms, and this technology is the key to designing quantum information networks, which makes research to the future. The final realization of the wide-area quantum communication network is another important step. Related papers were published in the recently published Physical Review Letters (PRL).

The world of quantum networks is difficult to describe in a few words. Quantum is a state, not a specific physical quantity. In quantum mechanics, quantum information is about the physical information of the "state" of quantum systems. It is a new calculation, coding and information transmission through various related properties of quantum systems. Information method. The most common unit is the qubit, which is a quantum system with two states. However, unlike the classical digital state, the two-state quantum system can actually behave as a superposition of these two states at any time.

The quantum network established on this basis, its quantum state storage device is closely connected with the quantum information processing device. In a quantum network, each node consists of a cold atomic ensemble prepared by a magneto-optical trap. These atomic ensembles are quantum memories, and each atomic system forms a maximum entangled state with a photon emitted by itself. Between any two adjacent nodes, the adjacent two atomic ensembles can be entangled by making a joint Bell measurement between the photons emitted by them. This is the principle of quantum repeaters in quantum networks.

Now scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have figured out how to successfully store light in cold atomic gases. In the experiment, they first let the atomic ensemble memory get an arbitrary polarization state of a photon, successfully store the quantum bits, and then reproduce it. Another photon with the same polarization state. At this time, the signal only indicates the fact that the pulse has been "captured", instead of the details of the polarization state, the quantum information is thus safely preserved.

Researchers say the results can be used to make quantum repeaters and ultimately work on the construction of quantum networks. Once this potential is applied to the expansion of quantum networks, it will become the key to judging the success of network operations, making the world of quantum networks clearer.

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