As the sun sets, night falls, and thousands of households have thousands of lights. When people watch TV, they hope that the light of the environment should be dim; children who do homework need bright lights; steaming, frying, cooking, and frying a kitchen with good light; family gatherings, friends gathering can not be separated from soft lighting The restaurant; the warm and comfortable bedroom needs more suitable lighting. All of this shows that different occasions require different lighting environments. Good and suitable home lighting can create a healthy home atmosphere. Poorly configured lighting will not only directly affect work or study, but also lead to additional symptoms such as fatigue and headache. . In fact, a good home lighting is also a small "system engineering", then what is the basic common sense of the simple design of home lighting and the rational configuration of light source lamps? I believe the following introduction may be helpful to the reader.
First, the classification of lighting:
1. Basic lighting (also known as full lighting) provides a basic bright environment for a wide range of spaces.
The general requirements for basic lighting are bright, comfortable, glare-free and uniform. The basic lighting methods are mainly direct and indirect. The family relies mainly on a variety of ceiling or floor lamps to provide basic lighting.
2, functional lighting function lighting is based on the basic lighting to add a series of lighting for the work-learning (reading) area, it is essential for learning (reading), work, cooking, personal care and so on. Good functional lighting is not limited to adding another lighting device. Instead, carefully consider the amount of light required and position the light source correctly to avoid interference from unwanted shadows, especially to avoid irritating glare (direct light entering the eye). At the same time, it should be noted that the contrast between the functional lighting area and the surrounding environment should not be too strong, otherwise it will cause eye discomfort.
3, the focus of lighting application of concentrated illumination, a series of effects on indoor sculptures, murals, flowers, etc. called the key lighting. The directional accent lighting beam highlights the painting or sculpture to reveal architectural features or highlight the texture of bricks, stones, wood or curtain materials. Appropriate accent lighting will help to highlight the art and lifestyle of the home. The devices of the key lighting fixtures are mainly not for people to watch, so they are often hidden.
Focusing illumination is typically provided by a variety of spotlights or downlights equipped with a metal halide source or a blaster.
4, effect lighting application of different lamps and their location combinations, resulting in different spatial effects in the room. This effect of illumination is the effect of illumination. When the luminaire is concentrated at a certain point in the room, and the other positions are dark, the space is compact. When the luminaire is evenly arranged, dispersed or has some auxiliary illumination, the room is evenly bright at this time, and the space is open.
5, the core of green lighting green lighting is energy-saving, the current development of new electric light source, an 11-watt energy-saving lamp is equivalent to a 60-watt standard ordinary incandescent bulb, and longer than its life.
Second, the color, color temperature and color rendering, the light has a cool color, warm color, neutral color, cold color is more suitable for reading newspapers, while watching TV generally requires warm light.
The color temperature is the color of the light source and is expressed in degrees Kelvin (K). The lower the color temperature, the brighter the light, the warmer it is. On the contrary, the higher the color temperature, the cooler the light is.
The ability of different types of light sources to restore color is called color rendering. White and halogen lamps can truly reproduce all colors, while traditional fluorescent lamps have poor color rendering.
Third, the light source and lamps In addition to the traditional white light bulbs, there are now more electric light source products used to make home lighting sources, different electric light source products in different brightness, expressiveness, color rendering, shape, size and There are very big differences in energy efficiency indicators.
The lumen of the commonly used electric light source (the unit of luminous flux, referred to as LM) is divided by the power consumption electric power watt (W) of the electric light source, that is, the lumen / watt, the larger the value, indicating the efficacy of the electric light source The better, the better the energy saving performance.
3, compact fluorescent lamps (commonly known as energy-saving lamps): compact fluorescent lamps (commonly known as energy-saving lamps) are structurally divided into compact self-ballasted and compact single-ended (with only starters and no ballasts in the lamp) There are several types of double tube type (single U type), four tube type (double U type), six tube type (three U type) and loop tube, and the household wattage is 7-27 watts. The life of energy-saving lamps is 10 times that of ordinary incandescent lamps, and the efficiency is 5-8 times that of ordinary bulbs. Compact fluorescent lamps save 80% of electricity compared with ordinary incandescent lamps, and heat is only one-fifth of that of ordinary bulbs. Excellent performance, qualified energy-saving lamps can replace incandescent lamps, saving energy and contributing to environmental protection. The luminaire has many functions: in addition to the light source, it also has the function of guiding light and enhancing light efficiency. Protection against moisture, water, dust, and insects is also indispensable for some lamps. In addition, the elegant appearance of the lamp itself is an ornament, you can also beautify your living room.
At present, there are several types of electric light sources commonly used as home lighting: 1. Incandescent lamps: Almost every household uses incandescent lamps for various purposes such as basic lighting, functional lighting, accent lighting, and effect lighting. It has a warm color and good color rendering. The service life is generally 500-1000 hours, and the long-life incandescent lamp can work for 1500 hours. Incandescent bulbs are soft, dyeable, matte, multi-colored or clear glass (transparent). They have the advantage of being easy to install and inexpensive, especially for lamps with built-in dimmers.
2, fluorescent lamps: Fluorescent lamps commonly known as fluorescent lamps, there are several types of straight tubes, U-tubes, ring-shaped tubes, etc., household specifications are 4-40 watts. The efficacy of fluorescent lamps can be close to 100 lumens per watt, which is several times that of ordinary incandescent lamps. Many people used to dislike fluorescent lamps mainly because their color tone is unsatisfactory. In recent years, with the development of yellow phosphorus technology, the color tone has been corrected. Fluorescent tubes overcome the deficiencies of poor color tone, especially the use of rare earth elements to find excellent color tones, and can be combined with incandescent lighting to produce good results. It is therefore widely used as a base lighting.
4. Halogen lamp: Halogen lamp is suitable for accent lighting, especially the display lighting and track lighting of art, and it is also suitable for manual function supplemental lighting, the color tone is vivid white tone. The halogen lamp has a power of 10-20 lumens per watt and has a service life of 2000-4000 hours. It has DEQ (double-ended quartz), SEQ (single-ended quartz 12V), MR16 spotlight, 12-volt floodlight and parabolic aluminized reflection. (PAR) Spotlights, etc. The advantages of halogen lamps are bright light, rich cohesiveness, no blackening when aging, and they remain bright and can be used with dimmers.
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