The vigorous expansion of the LED chip field has led to a shortage of upstream substrate materials. Dr. Zhang Xiaofei from the High-tech LED Industry Research Center told reporters that the price of substrate materials has soared by about 30% since the beginning of the year. Under this circumstance, Tiantong (600330), which announced the cooperation with Japanese companies to invest in sapphire substrate materials, can be said to be at the right time. However, because the equipment and technology are provided by foreign investors, like many other peers, Tiantong shares may face the situation of “foreign consumption of meat and domestic soupâ€.
According to Wu Xuming, a professional researcher at Bolong Consulting, 70%-80% of the substrate materials for white LEDs on the market today use sapphire substrates. Due to the high technical requirements for the fabrication and cutting of substrate materials, and the inclusion of a number of technical patents, domestic materials are basically dependent on imports. Although some manufacturers use their own technology to make sapphire substrate materials, but due to insufficient technology accumulation, low yield, can not enter the mainstream manufacturers of high-power LED, can only be used for some low-power low-end LED products. In terms of the size of the sapphire single wafer, the larger the size, the higher the technical requirements and the lower the cost.
The 4-inch sapphire single chip invested by Tiantong is currently the mainstream product. The technical requirements are relatively high. It used to be 2 inches, but now the 6-inch product has been launched and the technical requirements are higher.
Some insiders predict that the shortage of substrate materials will continue until the end of the year, worried that the LED industry will repeat the shortage of polysilicon raw materials in the solar photovoltaic industry two years ago.
Expansion is undoubtedly a direct method to solve the supply shortage. However, the key technologies and patents of sapphire substrate materials are in the hands of the US and Japan. In order to quickly enter the field, most domestic enterprises can only cooperate with foreign capital in the "processing mode". Organize production after purchasing technology and equipment provided by foreign capital. The cooperation between Tiantong and Japan’s No. 1 Electromechanical is also inseparable from this model. Under the "processing mode", the big profits are often taken away by foreign investors.
"However, it is easier for companies to obtain technology in cooperation with foreign investors. This is a positive for Tiantong." Zhang Xiaofei said that some people in the industry predict that in the next three to five years, the upstream epitaxial wafer manufacturing of the LED industry will be localized. According to the situation examined, this view is too optimistic. At present, the gap between domestic enterprises in the upstream of the industrial chain and foreign companies is still too large.
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